1601 in France was turbulent times. During the winter of 1601 the Battle of Wenden, the Poles and Lithuanians army headed by Charles IX captured the city of Valmiera breaking through the lines reaching the Daugava river. The city of Kokenhausen was then under siege holding fast behind walls. The Swedish Calvary entered the frozen river Gauja when the ice broke under the pressure of the weight of horses causing many losses. The Poles and Lithuanians were able to destroy th